Abstracts

№2, 2018

Journal «Kauchuk i Rezina» 90 Years!

Lyusova L.R. (Prof., D. Sc. [Techn.], Head of Chair), Naumovа Yu.A. (Prof., D. Sc. [Techn.])

In connection with the anniversary of the journal «Kauchuk i rezina», fundamental moments of the journal history were considered in the article. Conducting historical parallels, the analysis of the journal activities was executed by authors over the past ten years. The results of the dynamics of the author's publication activity by the journal basic sections and the ratio of the quantity publications between institutions of various fields of activity are presented from 2008 to 2017 years.

Key words: Journal «Kauchuk i rezina», publication, rubber industry, elastomer, education, science, technology

Properties of Thermoplastic Vulcanizates Based on Rubbers of Various Polarity and Polypropylene

Panfilova O.A. (Assit. Prof., Ph.D. [Techn.]),Volfson S.I. (Prof., D. Sc. [Techn.], Head of Chair), Okhotina N.A. (Prof., Ph.D. [Techn.]), Sabirov R.K. (Assit. Prof., Ph.D. [Chem.]), Ibatullin A.N. (MS Student), Baranets I.V. (Ph.D.[Techn.], Lead. Res.)

Results of studying of service properties of thermoplastic elastomers based on blends of polymer of various-polarity are presented. The composition was in accordance with previous researches devoted to establishment of principles of mixing and structure formation of thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPV) based on polypropylene (PP), isoprene rubber (IR) and butadiene acrylonitrile rubber (NBR), the ratio of polymer components PP/IR/NBR was 30/60/10. To improve the dispersion of elastomer phase in thermoplastic as well as polar rubber in non-polar rubber at the elastomer phase the combination of compatibilizing additives (maleinic polypropylene and polyethylene-co-vinyl acetate consequently) were in use. Satisfying stability of developed TPV to liquid aggressive medias (water, standard liquid «B», standard oil №3, motor oil) and high stability to thermal- and photo-oxidative degradation were shown. The maximal level of properties deterioration after thermal-oxidative degradation at 100°С and 120 °С during 72 h wasn’t overcome 15 %. After photo-oxidative degradation at light aging chamber Helios Italguartz Inve’96 with ultraviolet lamp DRT-400 during 600 h at 40 °С and illumination 20000±500 lux the properties deterioration was no more than 20 %. Tests at artificial climate chamber with ultraviolet radiating QUV-80-spray, imitated the natural material aging process under the conditions of atmosphere aggressive factors (sun radiation, rain, dew) during 192 h according «G» regime showed that the tensile strength level decrease wasn’t overcome 6 %, relative elongation at break – 13 %.. «G» regime included the repeating stages: 8 hours at 60 °С, ultraviolet radiation corresponded to double intensity sun radiation at summer midday (UVA 340 lamps of radiation power 1,55 Wt./m2 and wave length 340 nm); 15 minutes under water irrigation; 3 hours 45 minutes at 50 °С under the conditions of humidity condensation.

Key words: thermoplastic vulcanizate, triple polymer blend, polypropylene, polyisoprene, butadiene acrylonitrile copolymer, service properties, aggressive media, thermal oxidative degradation, photo-oxidative degradation

Effect of Nanocarbon Materials on the Properties of Butadiene-α-Methylstyrene Thermoplastic Elastomer (DMST-R)

Blinov E.V. (Director), Glukhovskoy V.S. (Prof., D. Sc. [Techn.], Head of Chair), Firsova A.V. (Res.)

The improved method for the preparation of butadiene-α-methylstyrene thermoplastic elastomer (DMST-R) is presented. This method makes it possible to increase the conversion of α-methylstyrene at the final stage of DMST-R synthesis up to 99%. The properties of the diblock poly-α-methylstyrene-polybutadiene before and after combining it with tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) have been studied. As a result of the use of TEOS the strength increases up to 23,5 MPa, fluidity decrease significantly. For the first time, DMST-R compositions with nanocarbon materials (NUM) were obtained. The increase of the weather resistance and the initial level of the strength properties for DMST-R filled with 0.2% NUM are shown. The production of noncombustible compositions is possible by the filling of DMTS-R with metal hydroxides.

Key words: α-methylstyrene, DMST-R, initiation system, tetraethoxysilane, nanocarbon materials, strength properties, fluidity, weather resistance metal hydroxides, noncombustible compositions

Investigation of the Properties of High-Filled Composites

Based on Bitumen and Schungite (Karelite)

Sorokina O.V. (MS Student), Potapov E.E. (Prof., D. Sc. [Chem.]), Reznichenko S.V (Prof., D. Sc. [Techn.], Chief of Chair ), Bobrov A.P. (Assist. Prof., Ph. D. [Techn.], Head of Department), Smal V.A. (Chairman of the Board of Directors), Yadykina V.V. (Prof., D. Sc. [Techn.]), Tikunova I.V. (Assist. Prof., Ph. D. [Techn.])

Possibility of introduction of high amount shungit powder Karelite into petroleum bitumen (BND 60/90) and properties of shungit/bitumen composites in comparison with bitumen filled by traditionally used limestone have been studied. Increase of strength and stretchability (elasticity) of composites under introduction of shungit as well as increase of viscosity at dosage from 30 to 70 % is shown. The softening temperature of the resulting composites at dosage 70 % is 130 ˚С. The improvement of the electrostatic properties results in the prevention of the accumulation of electrostatic charge on the goods surfaces. The resulting composites can be used in the asphalt-concrete industry, in the industry of roofing materials, in the production of all kinds of coatings, including waterproof materials, varnishes, paints, etc. Creation of materials resistant to acids, alkalis and other chemicals and protecting from various aggressive environments, including electromagnetic and other types of radiation is also possible.

Key words: Karelite, bitumen, limestone, highly filled composites

Study of Electrophysical and Acoustic Properties of Polymer Composites Based on EPDM and Shungite

Khachaturov A.A. (MS Student), Potapov E.E. (Prof., D. Sc. [Chem.]), Kolesov V.V. (Ph. D. [Phys.-Mat.], Head of Lab), Fionov A.S. (Ph. D. [Techn.], Sen. Res.), Bobrov A.P. (Assist. Prof., Ph. D. [Techn.], Head of Department), Smal V.A. (Chairman of the Board of Directors), Prut E.V. (Prof., D. Sc. [Chem.]), Shevchenko V.G. (D. Sc. [Chem.], Led. Res.), Tikunova I.V. (Assist. Prof., Ph. D. [Techn.])

Properties of composite materials (CM) based on ethylenepropylene rubber filled by shungite (Sh), determining protection from electromagnetic radiation (EMR), have been studied. There are: linear attenuation coefficient of β- and γ- emission, reflection coefficient and attenuation coefficient of the EMR (microwave range), permittivity (ε), dielectric loss factor (tgδε), volume electrical resistance (ρv) and acoustic impedance (Z). Complex of modern instruments were in use. Dependencies of these and mechanical properties of CM on Sh concentration were measured. Distribution

of Sh in rubber is good even at high concentration (up to 300 phr) and mechanical properties of CM are satisfactory. Under increase of Sh concentration linear attenuation coefficient of β- and γ- emission, reflection coefficient and attenuation coefficient of the EMR at ν = 30 ГГц, ε, tgδε and Z also increase, ρv decreases. However the use of CM itself as radiation-protector is not recommended. The efficiency of protection from β- and γ- emission is possible by introduction of compounds containing heavy metals or by the use in common with the other radiation-protection materials. The data obtained show the possibility of the use of high filled CM in industry and technique as EMR-absorbing and EMR-screening as well as acoustic materials of good electrophysical characteristics. CM are also low toxic, high-ecology materials of optimum price parameters.

Key words: composite materials, ethylenepropylene rubber, shungite, electromagnetic radiation, microwave range, β- and γ- emission, dielectric properties, electrical resistance, acoustic properties, mechanical properties

The Estimation of the Prospect of the Use of Butadiene-Acrylonitrile Rubber SKN-33 in Elastomer Composition Materials for Hoses

Kanauzova A.A. (Ph.D. [Chem.], LeadRes.), YurchenkoA.Yu. (Res.), Emelyanov S.V. (Ph.D. [Chem.], Assist. Prof.), Rakhmatulin T.T. (Res.), Morozov Yu.L. (Prof., D.Sc. [Techn.], Consultant of Gen. Director)

In the present work were studied vulcanization characteristics and properties of the elastomeric composite materials of the standard formulation based on the mixture of butadiene-acrylonitrile rubbers BNKS-18/BNKS-28 and BNKS-18/SKN-33 and it was found that the replacement of BNKS-28 with SKN-33 results in an improvement in oil resistance without reducing the frost resistance and mechanical properties of vulcanizates. Using the obtained results there was made an adjustment of tubular rubber blend formulation used for producing the hose inner layers, was practiced the technology of its production on a roll mill and a rubber mixer and was defined optimum vulcanization mode. It is established that regardless of the method of obtaining rubber blends, the properties of the vulcanizates obtained correspond to the requirements of technical documentation for rubbers for the hose inner layers.

Key words: NBR, curing, hoses physical and mechanical properties, oil and petrol resistance, frost resistance

Development and Application of Elastomers for Packers of Petroleum-Extracting Industry

Sabirov R.K. (Ph.D. [Chem.]), Galimov R.R. (Gen. Director), Azizova R.K. (Gen. Director), Gabbasova A.A. (Chief of Central Factory Lab.), Kateev R.I. (Ph.D. [Techn.], Head of Lab.)

Composition of elastomers (EP) for waterswelling, low temperature resistant, and thermoresistant packers (WP) were developed. WP are developed for the service under bed water of different mineralization (M) so compositions of EP specialized for individual wells of concrete water M. Dependence of swelling of EP on the temperature and M were obtained under laboratory tests. Results for developed and import EP are compared. Hermetic sealing and selfrecovery of WP of developed EP are shown under stand tests. Durability of WP KVART was confirmed by tests in specialized laboratory. Technical characteristics of WP KVART are of the same level as that of import WP and the cost is 2–3 times lower. The use of WP KVART decreases the flooding of wells of high flooding on 29 % (from 99,0 to 70 %) and increase the oil output of the well on 2–3 tones per day. Results of the work are patented according the rules and provided full-value importsubstitution.

Key words: packer, oil wells, water mineralization, durability, elastomers for packers, swelling in the water, low temperature resistance, thermoresistance, importsubstitution

Radiation Destruction of Butyl Rubber Vulcanizates Cured by Nitroso Compounds

Khakimullin Yu.N. (Prof., D.Sc. [Techn.]), Vagizova R.R. (Ph.D. [Techn.], Sen. Res.), Sabirov R.K. (Assist. Prof., Ph.D. [Chem.]), Galimzyanova R.Yu. (Assist. Prof., Ph.D. [Techn.])

The processes of radiation destruction (PRD) of butyl rubber vulcanizates (VBR) cured by p-benzoquinone dioxime (p-QDO), poly-p-dinitrosobenzene (p-DNB), quinol ether (QE-1) were studied. Physical and mechanical characteristics of VBR were determined after exposure to gamma radiation absorbed by a dose of 0-400 kGy. The decrease of the content of the gel fraction in dinitrosogeneration systems in series: p-DNB > p-QDO > QE-1 was established by sol-gel analysis. Predomination of the destruction processes of the main chains over the destruction of cross-links for the quinoid VBR is shown by analysis of the gel fraction content and the density of cross-links. Predomination of the destruction processes over the cross-linking processes is shown by the use of calculation of the radiation-chemical yields ratios. Concentration and uniformity of cross-links distribution as well as the products of the transformations of vulcanizing agents effect the PRD of VBR cured by nitroso compounds. VBR with p-QDO are destructed to a greater extent than that with QE -1. Apparently, this is due both to the high content of QE -1 (5 parts by weight) in comparison with 2 parts by weight of p-QDO or p-DNB, as well as the presence of phenoxy fragments during the process of vulcanization with quinol ether; these fragments are acting as acceptors of radicals. Increase of the density of cross-linking (using p-DNB as an example) significantly reduces the rate of rubber transition from gel to sol fraction, and has little effect on the rate of failure of cross-links.

Key words: butyl rubber, vulcanizates, nitroso compounds, gamma-radiation, radiation destruction, sol-gel analysis, physical and mechanical properties

Simulation of Distribution of Temperature Fields of the Pneumatic Tires During Vulcanization

Tikhomirov S.G. (Prof., D.Sc. [Techn.]), Pyatakov Yu.V. (Ph. D. [Phys.-Mat.], Assist. Prof.), Karmanova O.V. (Prof., D.Sc. [Techn.]), Chief of Chair),

Molchanov V.I. (Ph. D. [Chem.], Assist. Prof.)

Mathematical formulation and numerical algorithm for solving the problem of calculating the temperature field in the vulcanizing process of the object of thermal characteristics depended on the temperature are under consideration. Mathematical model is based on the system of differential equations of heat conduction, taking into account the temperature dependence of the coefficients of thermal conductivity and heat density in multilayer object. The system of equations is solved for a given initial distribution of the temperature and for a given (time-dependent) temperatures on the border of the object and the press-mold and diaphragm. On the border of the contacts of adjacent layers the conditions of continuity of temperature and heat flux are given. Approximation of dependence of thermal conductivity on the temperature performed by means of linear functions. Induction period, the value of activation energy of process is determined on the basis of experimental data obtained in the control tests. The system of partial differential equations by using the method of finite-difference approximation is replaced by a system of algebraic equations. Solution of the system of algebraic equations is carried out under the scheme of explicit difference approximation. The temperature field and the degree of completion of the process for a tire with given initial and boundary conditions were calculated.

Keywords: simulation, vulcanization, temperature field, initial and boundary conditions, finite-difference approximation, algebraic equations, pneumatic tire

Simulation of the Dissolution Kinetics of Powdered Rubber in Turbine Type Mixer

Soloviev M.E. (Prof., D. Sc. [Phys.-Mat.]), Vlasov V.V. (Assist. Prof., Ph. D. [Techn.]), Baryshev A.S. (Postgrad. Stud.)

A mathematical model to describe the process of dissolution of the powdered rubber in the turbine type mixer is proposed. This process is in use at intense mixing under preparation of elastomer solution adhesives. The model includes a system of equations of the kinetics of dissolution of the rubber, and equation of three-factor parabolic regression for the connection of kinetic constants with technological parameters of mixing: the original particle size of the rubber crumb, the rotor speed of the mixer and the temperature. Identification of parameters of the model was based on experimental data on mixing of powdered butadiene acrylonitrile and chloroprene rubbers of different particle size with solvents, ethyl acetate and toluene correspondingly.

Key words: mathematical modeling, rubber adhesives, turbine mixer, rubber crumb

Project Management

Part 2. Characteristic Problems and Solutions

Friedman A. (Head of Projects/Managing Partner)

The publication consists of two parts.

In the first part the basic notions and definitions of project management were presented. The description of project formats and their contents were given. Structural and organizational charts of project management in two main formats were shown, their features and differences were revealed.

In the second part a number of characteristic problems and solutions for the successful implementation of projects are considered.

Key words: Organizational charts of Project Management, Project Stages, Statement of Project/Statement of Work, Project planning, Project documents

Play according New Rules

Post-release on Forum «Polymers in Russia 2017» organized by INVENTRA (22.11.17, Moscow).

Key words: processing of plastics, export, import, financing, investment, import substitution, polymer tubes, heat protection, ecology, PVC

Oligomers 2017 in IPChP RAN (Chernogolovka)

XII International Conferenceon Chemistry and Physics of Oligomers

Morozov Yu.L. (Prof., D. Sc., Consultant of Gen. Director)

Review of the papers presented on XII International Conference on «Chemistry and Physics of Oligomers» (16.10–21.10.17, IPChP RAN, Chernogolovka, Moscow District)

Key words: conference, review, oligomers, polyurethanes, foam polyurethanes, ‘green” polyurethane chemistry, functionalization of vegetable oils, oligoesters, oligobutadienes, fullerene, rubberbased hermetics, silver nanoparticles